Because of its unique geographical location connecting eastern Xinjiang and western Inner Mongolia, Mazong Mountain has always been an important area of ancient east-west transportation and nomadic archaeology. In order to reveal the communication between the Original Huns and the people in Northwest China, this paper takes four tombs in Tonggutu relic area and Shande relic area in Mazong Mountain as the research object. Mazong Mountain is located in Subei County, Jiuquan City, Gansu Province, with 40°43'~43°00'N and 91°00'~102°00'E. In this paper, the methods of physical anthropology, biomechanics, stable isotope diet analysis, molecular biology and carbon dating were used to study the human bones unearthed from four tombs in four trial excavation sites. The results show that, The crowd with Northeast Asia mongoloid facial features, often engaged in running, riding high strength behavior, mainly meat food structure, has a certain relationship with the northern grasslands national population genetic structure. The carbon-14 dating result was 1955~1691 cal.BC. These evidences suggest that the Mazong Mountain area may be related to the migration of people from the Mongolian Plateau and outer Baikal into the northern part of China for human communication and integration. Although the number of individuals studied in this paper is small, due to the important geographical location and comprehensive research perspective, it reflects the characteristics of interdisciplinary bioarchaeology, which is of great significance to the discussion of early population and cultural exchanges in Northwest China.
百度翻译：
由于其连接新疆东部和内蒙古西部的独特地理位置，马鬃山一直是古代东西交通和游牧考古的重要地区。为了揭示原匈奴人与西北地区人民的交往，本文以马鬃山铜鼓图遗址区和善德遗址区的四座墓葬为研究对象。马鬃山位于甘肃省酒泉市肃北县境内，北纬40°43'~43°00'，东经91°00'~102°00'。本文采用体质人类学、生物力学、稳定同位素饮食分析、分子生物学和碳年代测定等方法，对四个试掘点的四座墓葬中出土的人骨进行了研究。结果表明，具有东北亚蒙古族面部特征的人群，经常从事跑步、骑行的高强度行为，主要为肉食性食物结构，与北方草原民族人口遗传结构有一定关系。碳14测年结果为1955～1691 cal.BC。这些证据表明，马鬃山地区可能与蒙古高原和外贝加尔湖的人们为了人类交流和融合而迁移到中国北部有关。本文研究的个体数量虽少，但由于地理位置重要，研究视角全面，体现了跨学科生物考古学的特点，对探讨西北地区早期人口与文化交流具有重要意义。
3955-3691 cal BP
Two Y sequences of Middle Bronze Age nomads from Mazongshan site, notherwestern China.